G&L

G&L’s Monetary Economics – Second Edition

15 April 2012

I got my copy of Monetary Economics by Wynne Godley and Marc Lavoie yesterday. I know some people were waiting for the second edition of the book, and had postponed their purchase to get the newer edition – so they can get it now! There aren’t any changes in this edition – except for correction [...]

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Kaldor’s Reflux Mechanism

12 April 2012

The recent debates of Post Keynesians with Neoclassical/New Keynesians has highlighted that the latter group continues to hold Monetarists’ intuitions. Somehow the exogeneity of money is difficult for them to get rid of, in spite of their statements and rhetoric that money is endogenous in their models. So there is an excess of money in [...]

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More National Accounts: Consumption Of Fixed Capital

29 March 2012

In one of my recent posts, Saving Net Of Investment, I went into gross saving versus saving net of consumption of fixed capital. I showed how depreciation – or more appropriately, consumption of fixed capital – is treated in the flow of funds accounts. Since the transactions flow matrix is a powerful tool for visualizing [...]

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Debt Sustainability

29 March 2012

In a recent paper, Bradford DeLong and Lawrence Summers suggest that a fiscal expansion can be useful to bring an economy from a depressed state (!). The rough idea being that a relaxation of fiscal policy leads to a higher output and the increase in economic activity leads to a stabilization of public debt/gdp ratio. [...]

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Kalecki’s Profit Equation

12 March 2012

In my post The Transactions Flow Matrix, I went into how a full transactions flow matrix can be constructed using a simplified national income matrix. Let us reanalyze the latter. The following is the same matrix with some modifications – firms retain earnings and there are interest payments. FU is the undistributed profits of firms. [...]

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Ya He Averiguado Lo Que Es La Economía

3 March 2012

- es la ciencia de confundir los stocks con los flujos. Or … I have found out what economics is; it is the science of confusing stocks with flows. – A verbal statement by Michal Kalecki, circa 1936, as cited by Joan Robinson, in ‘Shedding darkness’, Cambridge Journal of Economics, 6(3), September 1982, 295–6 and quoted in Monetary [...]

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Income And Expenditure Flows And Financing Flows

13 February 2012

In the previous two posts, I went into a description of the transactions flow matrix and the balance sheet matrix as tools for an analytic study of a dynamical study of an economy. During an accounting period, sectors in an economy are making all kinds of transactions. These can be divided into two kinds: Income [...]

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Sources And Uses Of Funds

9 February 2012

In a recent post, I went into what is called the Transactions Flow Matrix. This is used heavily in Stock-Flow Consistent Modeling of the whole economy. The underlying theme is “everything comes from somewhere and goes somewhere, and there are no black holes”. I also mentioned about a Balance Sheet Matrix. What is it? Sectors [...]

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